Single lesson
A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah
Matthew 12:22–45; Mark 3:20–30; Luke 11:14–36
These passages show strong disagreement about Jesus. After people see a demon cast out, Jesus answers accusations, warns about dangerous speech, speaks about Jonah, and in Luke adds calls to hear God’s word and walk in light.
Before you teach
Matthew, Mark, and Luke each report teaching linked to the charge that Jesus casts out demons by Beelzebul. Matthew and Luke include a healing of a mute man, with Matthew also mentioning blindness. Mark reports crowd pressure, hostile scribes, and Jesus speaking in parables, without requiring us to treat every detail as one occasion.
Explain the central teaching of A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah, using two details from the reading. Jesus teaches that his works show God’s kingdom at work, and people are responsible for how they speak, what they seek, and whether they hear and keep God’s word.
Welcome: A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah
5 minIntroduce “A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah” and locate Matthew 12:22–45; Mark 3:20–30; Luke 11:14–36. Jesus teaches that his works show God’s kingdom at work, and people are responsible for how they speak, what they seek, and whether they hear and keep God’s word. Invite each learner to name a detail or question they will listen for.
Matthew 12:22, Mark 3:25, Luke 11:36
Read and explain the passage
12 minMatthew and Luke begin with Jesus casting out a demon so a man speaks, and Matthew says he also sees. The crowds marvel, while others accuse Jesus of acting by Beelzebul. Mark adds a crowded scene, with scribes making the same charge and some saying Jesus is insane.
Jesus says people stand either with him or against him. Matthew and Mark then warn about blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, and Mark ties this directly to the claim that he has an unclean spirit. Matthew adds that a tree is known by its fruit, the mouth speaks from the heart, and words will be judged.
Matthew and Luke both warn that an unclean spirit may return to an empty, ordered house, leaving a worse condition. Luke then records that blessing belongs to those who hear the word of God and keep it. He also uses the pictures of a lamp and the eye to urge careful attention to light rather than darkness.
Read the selected verses together, pausing at “A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah”. Use the source reading below and check the explanation against the words of the passage.
Matthew 12:22, Matthew 12:23, Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:20, Mark 3:21, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:14, Luke 11:15, Matthew 12:30, Matthew 12:31, Matthew 12:32, Matthew 12:33, Matthew 12:34, Matthew 12:35, Matthew 12:36, Matthew 12:37, Mark 3:28, Mark 3:29, Mark 3:30, Luke 11:23, Matthew 12:43, Matthew 12:44, Matthew 12:45, Luke 11:24, Luke 11:25, Luke 11:26, Luke 11:27, Luke 11:28, Luke 11:33, Luke 11:34, Luke 11:35, Luke 11:36
Discuss the details and their meaning
8 minUse the three questions below. Begin with “What different responses to Jesus appear after the demon is cast out?” and allow time to find the supporting verses. Jesus teaches that his works show God’s kingdom at work, and people are responsible for how they speak, what they seek, and whether they hear and keep God’s word. Ask learners to explain which details support their answer and to identify a question they would like to explore further.
Matthew 12:23, Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:21, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:14, Luke 11:15, Matthew 12:25, Matthew 12:27, Matthew 12:28, Luke 11:17, Luke 11:19, Luke 11:20, Matthew 12:39, Matthew 12:45, Luke 11:28, Luke 11:30, Luke 11:36
Make and respond: Read and respond sheet
12 minWork on “A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah: Read and respond sheet”. Follow the materials and steps below, using “A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah” as reading headings. Each learner should include at least two accurate details and their verse references. Share one observation from the finished sheet and explain how it connects with the central teaching.
Matthew 12:22, Mark 3:25, Luke 11:36
Closing: return to A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah
3 minRevisit Matthew 12:22–45; Mark 3:20–30; Luke 11:14–36. Invite a learner to summarise what the group has learned about A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah and another to support the summary with a verse. Give learners a moment to complete their response sheet. They can share a question or, if appropriate for the group, join the optional prayer.
Matthew 12:22, Mark 3:25, Luke 11:36
Questions to explore
What different responses to Jesus appear after the demon is cast out?
List the reactions the passages actually name: marvel, the question about the son of David, the Beelzebul accusation, and Mark’s report that some said he was insane.
Matthew 12:23, Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:21, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:14, Luke 11:15
How does Jesus show that the Beelzebul accusation does not fit his work?
Follow his own argument: a divided kingdom cannot stand, their children become a challenge to the accusation, and his casting out demons shows God’s kingdom has come.
Matthew 12:25, Matthew 12:27, Matthew 12:28, Luke 11:17, Luke 11:19, Luke 11:20
Which pictures in these passages call for a real response rather than curiosity?
Notice Jesus’ warnings and invitations in the sign of Jonah, the empty house, hearing and keeping God’s word, and being full of light.
Matthew 12:39, Matthew 12:45, Luke 11:28, Luke 11:30, Luke 11:36
Make, think or respond
A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah: Read and respond sheet
What you’ll need
- plain paper or card
- pencils or pens
- a Bible or the source reading on this page
Try it together
- Fold a sheet into three panels or draw three columns. Label them “A key statement”, “A supporting detail”, “A question to discuss”.
- Read Matthew 12:22–45; Mark 3:20–30; Luke 11:14–36. Use “A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah” as your reading headings and add a short quotation or detail with its verse reference to each panel.
- Compare your notes with a partner. Check that every quotation is accurate and every conclusion has support in the passage.
- Write one sentence explaining the passage, using a detail from your sheet as evidence.
The finished sheet keeps the details of A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah connected to their Bible references and gives the group a way to explain what they noticed.
Adapt for your group
- For learners who need more support, prepare the reading headings “A House Divided and the Sign of Jonah” and let them match short quotations to the correct heading.
- For confident readers, compare two sections of Matthew 12:22–45; Mark 3:20–30; Luke 11:14–36. Ask for a written explanation with two supporting references and one question that the text leaves open.
An optional closing prayer
“God, help us listen carefully as we read Matthew 12:22–45; Mark 3:20–30; Luke 11:14–36. Help us understand what we have read, ask thoughtful questions and respond with care for others. Amen.”
Read the Bible passage World English Bible Classic
Matthew 12
22 Then one possessed by a demon, blind and mute, was brought to him; and he healed him, so that the blind and mute man both spoke and saw.
23 All the multitudes were amazed, and said, “Can this be the son of David?”
24 But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, “This man does not cast out demons except by Beelzebul, the prince of the demons.”
25 Knowing their thoughts, Jesus said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand.
26 If Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself. How then will his kingdom stand?
27 If I by Beelzebul cast out demons, by whom do your children cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges.
28 But if I by the Spirit of God cast out demons, then God’s Kingdom has come upon you.
29 Or how can one enter into the house of the strong man and plunder his goods, unless he first bind the strong man? Then he will plunder his house.
30 “He who is not with me is against me, and he who doesn’t gather with me, scatters.
31 Therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven men.
32 Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him, either in this age, or in that which is to come.
33 “Either make the tree good and its fruit good, or make the tree corrupt and its fruit corrupt; for the tree is known by its fruit.
34 You offspring of vipers, how can you, being evil, speak good things? For out of the abundance of the heart, the mouth speaks.
35 The good man out of his good treasure brings out good things, and the evil man out of his evil treasure brings out evil things.
36 I tell you that every idle word that men speak, they will give account of it in the day of judgment.
37 For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.”
38 Then certain of the scribes and Pharisees answered, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from you.”
39 But he answered them, “An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, but no sign will be given to it but the sign of Jonah the prophet.
40 For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the huge fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
41 The men of Nineveh will stand up in the judgment with this generation and will condemn it, for they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and behold, someone greater than Jonah is here.
42 The Queen of the South will rise up in the judgment with this generation and will condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and behold, someone greater than Solomon is here.
43 “When an unclean spirit has gone out of a man, he passes through waterless places seeking rest, and doesn’t find it.
44 Then he says, ‘I will return into my house from which I came;’ and when he has come back, he finds it empty, swept, and put in order.
45 Then he goes and takes with himself seven other spirits more evil than he is, and they enter in and dwell there. The last state of that man becomes worse than the first. Even so will it be also to this evil generation.”
Mark 3
20 The multitude came together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread.
21 When his friends heard it, they went out to seize him; for they said, “He is insane.”
22 The scribes who came down from Jerusalem said, “He has Beelzebul,” and, “By the prince of the demons he casts out the demons.”
23 He summoned them and said to them in parables, “How can Satan cast out Satan?
24 If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand.
25 If a house is divided against itself, that house cannot stand.
26 If Satan has risen up against himself, and is divided, he can’t stand, but has an end.
27 But no one can enter into the house of the strong man to plunder unless he first binds the strong man; then he will plunder his house.
28 “Most certainly I tell you, all sins of the descendants of man will be forgiven, including their blasphemies with which they may blaspheme;
29 but whoever may blaspheme against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is subject to eternal condemnation.”
30 —because they said, “He has an unclean spirit.”
Luke 11
14 He was casting out a demon, and it was mute. When the demon had gone out, the mute man spoke; and the multitudes marveled.
15 But some of them said, “He casts out demons by Beelzebul, the prince of the demons.”
16 Others, testing him, sought from him a sign from heaven.
17 But he, knowing their thoughts, said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation. A house divided against itself falls.
18 If Satan also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand? For you say that I cast out demons by Beelzebul.
19 But if I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your children cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges.
20 But if I by God’s finger cast out demons, then God’s Kingdom has come to you.
21 “When the strong man, fully armed, guards his own dwelling, his goods are safe.
22 But when someone stronger attacks him and overcomes him, he takes from him his whole armor in which he trusted, and divides his plunder.
23 “He who is not with me is against me. He who doesn’t gather with me scatters.
24 The unclean spirit, when he has gone out of the man, passes through dry places, seeking rest; and finding none, he says, ‘I will turn back to my house from which I came out.’
25 When he returns, he finds it swept and put in order.
26 Then he goes and takes seven other spirits more evil than himself, and they enter in and dwell there. The last state of that man becomes worse than the first.”
27 It came to pass, as he said these things, a certain woman out of the multitude lifted up her voice and said to him, “Blessed is the womb that bore you, and the breasts which nursed you!”
28 But he said, “On the contrary, blessed are those who hear the word of God, and keep it.”
29 When the multitudes were gathering together to him, he began to say, “This is an evil generation. It seeks after a sign. No sign will be given to it but the sign of Jonah the prophet.
30 For even as Jonah became a sign to the Ninevites, so the Son of Man will also be to this generation.
31 The Queen of the South will rise up in the judgment with the men of this generation and will condemn them, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and behold, one greater than Solomon is here.
32 The men of Nineveh will stand up in the judgment with this generation, and will condemn it, for they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and behold, one greater than Jonah is here.
33 “No one, when he has lit a lamp, puts it in a cellar or under a basket, but on a stand, that those who come in may see the light.
34 The lamp of the body is the eye. Therefore when your eye is good, your whole body is also full of light; but when it is evil, your body also is full of darkness.
35 Therefore see whether the light that is in you isn’t darkness.
36 If therefore your whole body is full of light, having no part dark, it will be wholly full of light, as when the lamp with its bright shining gives you light.”
World English Bible Classic. Public domain.
