Single lesson

Jeremiah 23: David’s Righteous Branch

Jeremiah 23:1–8; Jeremiah 23:9–32; Jeremiah 23:33–40

Jeremiah 23:1 to 8 begins with a strong warning against harmful shepherds and then turns to Yahweh’s promise to gather, care for, and restore his flock. It also announces a future king raised up for David. This lesson also brings together Lying Prophets, False Prophecies.

12–17 years40 minutes

Before you teach

In this passage, Yahweh speaks against shepherds who have scattered his people instead of caring for them. He says he will deal with those shepherds, gather the remnant of his flock from many countries, appoint shepherds who will feed them, and raise up for David a righteous Branch. The passage closes with a future confession about Yahweh bringing his people back to their land.

Learning aim

Explain the central teaching of Jeremiah 23: David’s Righteous Branch, using two details from the reading. This passage teaches that Yahweh judges unfaithful leaders and promises restored care, righteous rule, and the return of his people. This passage teaches that a true word from Yahweh is faithful to what he actually says, while false prophecy comes from human deceit and leads people further into evil. God rejects people presenting human words as his message, so this passage teaches careful truthfulness about what he has actually said.

1

Welcome: Jeremiah 23: David’s Righteous Branch

5 min

Introduce “David’s Righteous Branch”, “Lying Prophets”, “False Prophecies” and locate Jeremiah 23:1–8; Jeremiah 23:9–32; Jeremiah 23:33–40. This passage teaches that Yahweh judges unfaithful leaders and promises restored care, righteous rule, and the return of his people. Invite each learner to name a detail or question they will listen for.

Jeremiah 23:1, Jeremiah 23:5, Jeremiah 23:8

2

Read and explain the passage

12 min

David’s Righteous Branch (Jeremiah 23:1–8): The passage opens with “Woe” against the shepherds who destroy and scatter the sheep of Yahweh’s pasture. Yahweh says these shepherds have scattered the flock, driven them away, and not visited them. Because of that, he says he will visit on them the evil of their doings. Their failure to care for the flock brings Yahweh’s judgement.

Lying Prophets (Jeremiah 23:9–32): The passage opens with Jeremiah trembling and broken because of Yahweh and his holy words. The reason soon appears: the land is marked by evil, adulterers, and profane leaders. Even prophet and priest are called wicked in Yahweh’s house, so judgement is pictured as a dark, slippery path ending in a fall.

False Prophecies (Jeremiah 23:33–40): The passage begins with people, a prophet, or a priest asking, “What is the message from Yahweh?” Yahweh tells Jeremiah to answer with judgement: “What message? I will cast you off.” The response shows that this repeated phrase is not being accepted by God in this setting, but answered with rejection.

Read the selected verses together, pausing at “David’s Righteous Branch”, “Lying Prophets”, “False Prophecies”. Use the source reading below and check the explanation against the words of the passage.

Jeremiah 23:1, Jeremiah 23:2, Jeremiah 23:9, Jeremiah 23:10, Jeremiah 23:11, Jeremiah 23:12, Jeremiah 23:33

3

Discuss the details and their meaning

8 min

Use the three questions below. Begin with “What does Yahweh say the shepherds have done to his flock?” and allow time to find the supporting verses. God rejects people presenting human words as his message, so this passage teaches careful truthfulness about what he has actually said. Ask learners to explain which details support their answer and to identify a question they would like to explore further.

Jeremiah 23:1, Jeremiah 23:2, Jeremiah 23:16, Jeremiah 23:28, Jeremiah 23:29, Jeremiah 23:38, Jeremiah 23:39, Jeremiah 23:40

4

Make and respond: Vision and message evidence map

12 min

Work on “Jeremiah 23: David’s Righteous Branch: Vision and message evidence map”. Follow the materials and steps below, using “David’s Righteous Branch”, “Lying Prophets”, “False Prophecies” as reading headings. Each learner should include at least two accurate details and their verse references. Share one observation from the finished sheet and explain how it connects with the central teaching.

Jeremiah 23:1, Jeremiah 23:21, Jeremiah 23:40

5

Closing: return to False Prophecies

3 min

Revisit Jeremiah 23:33–40. Invite a learner to summarise what the group has learned about False Prophecies and another to support the summary with a verse. Give learners a moment to complete their response sheet. They can share a question or, if appropriate for the group, join the optional prayer.

Jeremiah 23:33, Jeremiah 23:37, Jeremiah 23:40

Questions to explore

What does Yahweh say the shepherds have done to his flock?

Look closely at the verbs in the passage: destroy, scatter, drive away, and not visit.

Jeremiah 23:1, Jeremiah 23:2

How does this passage describe the difference between a prophet’s own message and Yahweh’s true word?

Compare “a vision of their own heart” and dreams with the command to speak Yahweh’s word faithfully, plus the pictures of wheat, fire and a hammer.

Jeremiah 23:16, Jeremiah 23:28, Jeremiah 23:29

What consequences follow if people keep saying the forbidden phrase?

List the judgments named at the end of the passage, including being cast off, forgotten, removed from God’s presence, and brought to shame.

Jeremiah 23:38, Jeremiah 23:39, Jeremiah 23:40

Make, think or respond

Jeremiah 23: David’s Righteous Branch: Vision and message evidence map

What you’ll need

  • plain paper or card
  • pencils or pens
  • a Bible or the source reading on this page

Try it together

  1. Fold a sheet into three panels or draw three columns. Label them “What the passage describes”, “What is explained in the text”, “What question remains”.
  2. Read Jeremiah 23:1–8; Jeremiah 23:9–32; Jeremiah 23:33–40. Use “David’s Righteous Branch”, “Lying Prophets”, “False Prophecies” as your reading headings and add a short quotation or detail with its verse reference to each panel.
  3. Compare your notes with a partner. Check that every quotation is accurate and every conclusion has support in the passage.
  4. Circle an explanation the passage itself provides. Leave unexplained details as questions for further reading.

The finished sheet keeps the details of Jeremiah 23: David’s Righteous Branch connected to their Bible references and gives the group a way to explain what they noticed.

Adapt for your group

  • For learners who need more support, prepare the reading headings “David’s Righteous Branch”, “Lying Prophets”, “False Prophecies” and let them match short quotations to the correct heading.
  • For confident readers, compare two sections of Jeremiah 23:1–8; Jeremiah 23:9–32; Jeremiah 23:33–40. Ask for a written explanation with two supporting references and one question that the text leaves open.

An optional closing prayer

“God, help us listen carefully as we read Jeremiah 23:1–8; Jeremiah 23:9–32; Jeremiah 23:33–40. Help us understand what we have read, ask thoughtful questions and respond with care for others. Amen.”

Read the Bible passage World English Bible Classic

Jeremiah 23

1 “Woe to the shepherds who destroy and scatter the sheep of my pasture!” says Yahweh.

2 Therefore Yahweh, the God of Israel, says against the shepherds who feed my people: “You have scattered my flock, driven them away, and have not visited them. Behold, I will visit on you the evil of your doings,” says Yahweh.

3 “I will gather the remnant of my flock out of all the countries where I have driven them, and will bring them again to their folds; and they will be fruitful and multiply.

4 I will set up shepherds over them who will feed them. They will no longer be afraid or dismayed, neither will any be lacking,” says Yahweh.

5 “Behold, the days come,” says Yahweh, “that I will raise to David a righteous Branch; and he will reign as king and deal wisely, and will execute justice and righteousness in the land.

6 In his days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell safely. This is his name by which he will be called: Yahweh our righteousness.

7 “Therefore, behold, the days come,” says Yahweh, “that they will no more say, ‘As Yahweh lives, who brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt;’

8 but, ‘As Yahweh lives, who brought up and who led the offspring of the house of Israel out of the north country, and from all the countries where I had driven them.’ Then they will dwell in their own land.”

9 Concerning the prophets: My heart within me is broken. All my bones shake. I am like a drunken man, and like a man whom wine has overcome, because of Yahweh, and because of his holy words.

10 “For the land is full of adulterers; for because of the curse the land mourns. The pastures of the wilderness have dried up. Their course is evil, and their might is not right;

11 for both prophet and priest are profane. Yes, in my house I have found their wickedness,” says Yahweh.

12 Therefore their way will be to them as slippery places in the darkness. They will be driven on, and fall therein; for I will bring evil on them, even the year of their visitation,” says Yahweh.

13 “I have seen folly in the prophets of Samaria. They prophesied by Baal, and caused my people Israel to err.

14 In the prophets of Jerusalem I have also seen a horrible thing: they commit adultery and walk in lies. They strengthen the hands of evildoers, so that no one returns from his wickedness. They have all become to me as Sodom, and its inhabitants as Gomorrah.”

15 Therefore Yahweh of Armies says concerning the prophets: “Behold, I will feed them with wormwood, and make them drink poisoned water; for from the prophets of Jerusalem ungodliness has gone out into all the land.”

16 Yahweh of Armies says, “Don’t listen to the words of the prophets who prophesy to you. They teach you vanity. They speak a vision of their own heart, and not out of the mouth of Yahweh.

17 They say continually to those who despise me, ‘Yahweh has said, “You will have peace;” ’ and to everyone who walks in the stubbornness of his own heart they say, ‘No evil will come on you.’

18 For who has stood in the council of Yahweh, that he should perceive and hear his word? Who has listened to my word, and heard it?

19 Behold, Yahweh’s storm, his wrath, has gone out. Yes, a whirling storm! It will burst on the head of the wicked.

20 Yahweh’s anger will not return until he has executed and performed the intents of his heart. In the latter days, you will understand it perfectly.

21 I didn’t send these prophets, yet they ran. I didn’t speak to them, yet they prophesied.

22 But if they had stood in my council, then they would have caused my people to hear my words, and would have turned them from their evil way, and from the evil of their doings.

23 “Am I a God at hand,” says Yahweh, “and not a God afar off?

24 Can anyone hide himself in secret places so that I can’t see him?” says Yahweh. “Don’t I fill heaven and earth?” says Yahweh.

25 “I have heard what the prophets have said, who prophesy lies in my name, saying, ‘I had a dream! I had a dream!’

26 How long will this be in the heart of the prophets who prophesy lies, even the prophets of the deceit of their own heart?

27 They intend to cause my people to forget my name by their dreams which they each tell his neighbor, as their fathers forgot my name because of Baal.

28 The prophet who has a dream, let him tell a dream; and he who has my word, let him speak my word faithfully. What is the straw to the wheat?” says Yahweh.

29 “Isn’t my word like fire?” says Yahweh; “and like a hammer that breaks the rock in pieces?

30 “Therefore behold, I am against the prophets,” says Yahweh, “who each steal my words from his neighbor.

31 Behold, I am against the prophets,” says Yahweh, “who use their tongues, and say, ‘He says.’

32 Behold, I am against those who prophesy lying dreams,” says Yahweh, “who tell them, and cause my people to err by their lies, and by their vain boasting; yet I didn’t send them or command them. They don’t profit this people at all,” says Yahweh.

33 “When this people, or the prophet, or a priest, asks you, saying, ‘What is the message from Yahweh?’ Then you shall tell them, ‘ “What message? I will cast you off,” says Yahweh.’

34 As for the prophet, the priest, and the people, who say, ‘The message from Yahweh,’ I will even punish that man and his household.

35 You will say everyone to his neighbor, and everyone to his brother, ‘What has Yahweh answered?’ and, ‘What has Yahweh said?’

36 You will mention the message from Yahweh no more, for every man’s own word has become his message; for you have perverted the words of the living God, of Yahweh of Armies, our God.

37 You will say to the prophet, ‘What has Yahweh answered you?’ and, ‘What has Yahweh spoken?’

38 Although you say, ‘The message from Yahweh,’ therefore Yahweh says: ‘Because you say this word, “The message from Yahweh,” and I have sent to you, telling you not to say, “The message from Yahweh,”

39 therefore behold, I will utterly forget you, and I will cast you off with the city that I gave to you and to your fathers, away from my presence.

40 I will bring an everlasting reproach on you, and a perpetual shame, which will not be forgotten.’ ”

World English Bible Classic. Public domain.

Source passages

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