Single lesson

The Kingdom Parables: Wheat, Mustard Seed and Yeast

Matthew 13:24–30; Matthew 13:36–43; Matthew 13:31–32; Mark 4:30–34; Luke 13:18–19; Matthew 13:33; Luke 13:20–21

Jesus told three short parables to answer what the Kingdom of Heaven or God’s Kingdom is like. This lesson helps students trace each comparison, notice Jesus’ own explanation of one parable, and respond carefully to his warning to hear.

12–17 years40 minutes

Before you teach

In these passages, Jesus teaches the crowds in parables about the kingdom. Matthew gives the parable of the wheat and weeds and later records Jesus explaining its parts to the disciples in a house. Matthew, Mark and Luke record the mustard seed parable, while Matthew and Luke record the yeast parable.

Learning aim

Students will identify the comparison in each parable and explain from the text one main teaching about God’s Kingdom, including Jesus’ explanation of judgement in the wheat and weeds parable.

1

Welcome: What is God’s Kingdom like?

5 min

Begin by writing three words where everyone can see them: field, seed, yeast. Explain that Jesus asks what God’s Kingdom is like and answers with parables, which are illustrations he told. Students will listen for the comparison in each parable and then decide what the text itself highlights about the kingdom.

Mark 4:30, Luke 13:18, Luke 13:20

2

Read and explain: Wheat, weeds and the harvest

10 min

Read Matthew 13:24–30, then Matthew 13:36–43. In the story, good seed is sown, an enemy adds weeds, and both grow until harvest because pulling weeds early could uproot wheat. Jesus then explains the figures: the Son of Man sows the good seed, the field is the world, the enemy is the devil, and the harvest is the end of the age.

Matthew 13:24, Matthew 13:25, Matthew 13:29, Matthew 13:30, Matthew 13:37, Matthew 13:38, Matthew 13:39

3

Discuss: Jesus’ explanation and warning

8 min

Guide students through the serious ending of Jesus’ explanation. He says angels will gather out of his Kingdom all things that cause stumbling and those who do iniquity, and he describes judgement with sobering imagery. He also says the righteous will shine in their Father’s Kingdom. Ask students to observe the contrast and Jesus’ final call to hear.

Matthew 13:40, Matthew 13:41, Matthew 13:42, Matthew 13:43

4

Make and respond: Mustard seed and yeast

12 min

Read the mustard seed and yeast parables. Students create a simple two-panel visual: one panel for a tiny seed that grows large enough for birds to lodge in its branches, and one for yeast hidden in three measures of meal or flour until all is leavened. Then they compare how both pictures show change and spread.

Matthew 13:31, Matthew 13:32, Mark 4:31, Mark 4:32, Luke 13:19, Matthew 13:33, Luke 13:21

5

Closing: Compare the three parables

5 min

Review each comparison in order: wheat and weeds together until harvest, a mustard seed growing large, and yeast working through the whole mixture. Invite students to give one sentence for each parable beginning, “The Kingdom is like...”. Close by noting that Jesus used many parables and explained things privately to his disciples.

Matthew 13:30, Mark 4:33, Mark 4:34, Luke 13:21

Questions to explore

Why does the householder refuse to let the servants pull up the weeds immediately?

Use the reason stated in the story itself: removing the weeds too soon could root up the wheat with them, so both remain until harvest.

Matthew 13:29, Matthew 13:30

Which parts of the wheat and weeds parable does Jesus explain directly, and what do they represent?

List the figures Jesus names, such as the sower, field, good seed, weeds, enemy, harvest and reapers, using his own explanation.

Matthew 13:37, Matthew 13:38, Matthew 13:39

What details in the mustard seed and yeast parables show the kingdom’s effect becoming extensive?

Notice the movement in the wording: the seed grows from very small to large branches for birds, and the yeast works until all the flour is leavened.

Matthew 13:32, Mark 4:32, Luke 13:19, Matthew 13:33, Luke 13:21

Make, think or respond

Two-Panel Kingdom Comparison

What you’ll need

  • paper
  • pencils or pens
  • coloured markers
  • ruler

Try it together

  1. Fold or divide a sheet into two panels.
  2. In the first panel, draw the mustard seed parable with labels taken from the text, including the seed and the birds in the branches.
  3. In the second panel, draw the yeast parable with labels from the text, including the yeast hidden in three measures of meal or flour until all is leavened.
  4. Under the drawings, write two short comparison statements: one about growth in the mustard seed parable and one about spread in the yeast parable.
  5. Share with a partner and compare how the two pictures are similar and how they are different.

The drawings keep students close to Jesus’ own comparisons and help them describe what each parable says about God’s Kingdom.

Adapt for your group

  • For students who need extra structure, provide sentence starters such as “The Kingdom is like...” and “Jesus explains that...”.
  • For more advanced students, ask them to separate details Jesus explains directly in Matthew 13:37, Matthew 13:38, Matthew 13:39, Matthew 13:40, Matthew 13:41, Matthew 13:42 and Matthew 13:43 from details he leaves as part of the picture in the mustard seed and yeast parables.

An optional closing prayer

Lord God, please help us hear Jesus carefully, take his words seriously, and understand what these parables teach about your Kingdom. Amen.

Read the Bible passage World English Bible Classic

Matthew 13

24 He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field,

25 but while people slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel weeds also among the wheat, and went away.

26 But when the blade sprang up and produced grain, then the darnel weeds appeared also.

27 The servants of the householder came and said to him, ‘Sir, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Where did these darnel weeds come from?’

28 “He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ “The servants asked him, ‘Do you want us to go and gather them up?’

29 “But he said, ‘No, lest perhaps while you gather up the darnel weeds, you root up the wheat with them.

30 Let both grow together until the harvest, and in the harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First, gather up the darnel weeds, and bind them in bundles to burn them; but gather the wheat into my barn.” ’ ”

36 Then Jesus sent the multitudes away, and went into the house. His disciples came to him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the darnel weeds of the field.”

37 He answered them, “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,

38 the field is the world, the good seeds are the children of the Kingdom, and the darnel weeds are the children of the evil one.

39 The enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.

40 As therefore the darnel weeds are gathered up and burned with fire; so will it be at the end of this age.

41 The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his Kingdom all things that cause stumbling and those who do iniquity,

42 and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

43 Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the Kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.

31 He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took, and sowed in his field,

32 which indeed is smaller than all seeds. But when it is grown, it is greater than the herbs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in its branches.”

Mark 4

30 He said, “How will we liken God’s Kingdom? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?

31 It’s like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on the earth,

32 yet when it is sown, grows up and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of the sky can lodge under its shadow.”

33 With many such parables he spoke the word to them, as they were able to hear it.

34 Without a parable he didn’t speak to them; but privately to his own disciples he explained everything.

Luke 13

18 He said, “What is God’s Kingdom like? To what shall I compare it?

19 It is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took and put in his own garden. It grew and became a large tree, and the birds of the sky live in its branches.”

Matthew 13

33 He spoke another parable to them. “The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, until it was all leavened.”

Luke 13

20 Again he said, “To what shall I compare God’s Kingdom?

21 It is like yeast, which a woman took and hid in three measures of flour, until it was all leavened.”

World English Bible Classic. Public domain.

Source passages

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