Read & explore together
Balaam's Blessings and Oracles
Balak wants Balaam to curse Israel, but each time Balaam can only speak the word Yahweh gives him. This passage presents a series of parables, or prophetic oracles, that bless Israel and announce outcomes for other peoples.

Understanding the passage
The setting of this message
The passage follows a repeated pattern. Balak brings Balaam to different places and prepares offerings. Balaam waits, God meets him and gives him a word, and Balaam returns to speak his parable. In the final part, Balaam adds further oracles before he and Balak part ways.
Numbers 23:1–24:25Main takeaway
These parables show that Balaam speaks only the word Yahweh gives, and that Balak cannot turn Yahweh’s blessing on Israel into a curse.
Explore the message
Open a card to explore the full explanation and its Bible references.
01The first parable refuses Balak’s curseBalaam has Balak prepare seven altars with offerings, then goes to see what Yahweh will show him.
Explanation
Balaam has Balak prepare seven altars with offerings, then goes to see what Yahweh will show him. God meets Balaam and puts a word in his mouth. Balaam asks how he can curse those God has not cursed. He sees Israel as a distinct people, too many to count.
02The second parable says the blessing standsBalak tries again from another place, with the same pattern of altars and offerings. Yahweh again gives Balaam a word.
Explanation
Balak tries again from another place, with the same pattern of altars and offerings. Yahweh again gives Balaam a word. Balaam calls Balak to listen, then says God is not a man that he should lie. Balaam has received a command to bless, and he cannot reverse it.
03The third parable comes as the Spirit of God comes on BalaamAt the third place, Balaam sees that it pleases Yahweh to bless Israel, so he does not go as at the other times to use divination.
Explanation
At the third place, Balaam sees that it pleases Yahweh to bless Israel, so he does not go as at the other times to use divination. He sees Israel arranged by tribes, and the Spirit of God comes on him. His parable praises Israel’s dwellings and ends with blessing and cursing language.
04After Balak’s anger, Balaam speaks further oraclesBalak is angry that Balaam has blessed Israel three times, but Balaam repeats that he cannot go beyond Yahweh’s word from his own mind.
Explanation
Balak is angry that Balaam has blessed Israel three times, but Balaam repeats that he cannot go beyond Yahweh’s word from his own mind. Balaam then speaks of the latter days, including a ruler from Jacob, then shorter oracles about Amalek, the Kenite, and Kittim, before both men leave.
Questions to explore
Pause, look back at the verses and talk together.
01How does the passage show that Balaam’s speeches are parables or oracles given to him, not words he invents for Balak?
Notice the repeated statements that Yahweh put a word in Balaam’s mouth, and that Balaam then took up his parable and spoke.
02What reasons does Balaam give for not cursing Israel in the first two parables?
Look for his questions about whom God has not cursed, and his statement that he has received a command to bless and cannot reverse it.
03What is the sequence of the final oracles after Balak’s anger?
Trace them in order from Balaam’s announcement about the latter days, to the ruler from Jacob, then the words about Amalek, the Kenite, and finally Asshur, Eber, and Kittim.
Read the Bible passages
World English Bible ClassicScripture quotation · Public domain
Numbers 23:1–30
1Balaam said to Balak, “Build here seven altars for me, and prepare here seven bulls and seven rams for me.”
2Balak did as Balaam had spoken; and Balak and Balaam offered on every altar a bull and a ram.
3Balaam said to Balak, “Stand by your burnt offering, and I will go. Perhaps Yahweh will come to meet me. Whatever he shows me I will tell you.” He went to a bare height.
4God met Balaam, and he said to him, “I have prepared the seven altars, and I have offered up a bull and a ram on every altar.”
5Yahweh put a word in Balaam’s mouth, and said, “Return to Balak, and thus you shall speak.”
6He returned to him, and behold, he was standing by his burnt offering, he, and all the princes of Moab.
7He took up his parable, and said, “From Aram has Balak brought me, the king of Moab from the mountains of the East. Come, curse Jacob for me. Come, defy Israel.
8How shall I curse whom God has not cursed? How shall I defy whom Yahweh has not defied?
9For from the top of the rocks I see him. From the hills I see him. Behold, it is a people that dwells alone, and shall not be listed among the nations.
10Who can count the dust of Jacob, or count the fourth part of Israel? Let me die the death of the righteous! Let my last end be like his!”
11Balak said to Balaam, “What have you done to me? I took you to curse my enemies, and behold, you have blessed them altogether.”
12He answered and said, “Must I not take heed to speak that which Yahweh puts in my mouth?”
13Balak said to him, “Please come with me to another place, where you may see them. You shall see just part of them, and shall not see them all. Curse them from there for me.”
14He took him into the field of Zophim, to the top of Pisgah, and built seven altars, and offered up a bull and a ram on every altar.
15He said to Balak, “Stand here by your burnt offering, while I meet God over there.”
16Yahweh met Balaam, and put a word in his mouth, and said, “Return to Balak, and say this.”
17He came to him, and behold, he was standing by his burnt offering, and the princes of Moab with him. Balak said to him, “What has Yahweh spoken?”
18He took up his parable, and said, “Rise up, Balak, and hear! Listen to me, you son of Zippor.
19God is not a man, that he should lie, nor a son of man, that he should repent. Has he said, and he won’t do it? Or has he spoken, and he won’t make it good?
20Behold, I have received a command to bless. He has blessed, and I can’t reverse it.
21He has not seen iniquity in Jacob. Neither has he seen perverseness in Israel. Yahweh his God is with him. The shout of a king is among them.
22God brings them out of Egypt. He has as it were the strength of the wild ox.
23Surely there is no enchantment with Jacob; neither is there any divination with Israel. Now it shall be said of Jacob and of Israel, ‘What has God done!’
24Behold, a people rises up as a lioness. As a lion he lifts himself up. He shall not lie down until he eats of the prey, and drinks the blood of the slain.”
25Balak said to Balaam, “Neither curse them at all, nor bless them at all.”
26But Balaam answered Balak, “Didn’t I tell you, saying, ‘All that Yahweh speaks, that I must do’?”
27Balak said to Balaam, “Come now, I will take you to another place; perhaps it will please God that you may curse them for me from there.”
28Balak took Balaam to the top of Peor, that looks down on the desert.
29Balaam said to Balak, “Build seven altars for me here, and prepare seven bulls and seven rams for me here.”
30Balak did as Balaam had said, and offered up a bull and a ram on every altar.
Numbers 24:1–25
1When Balaam saw that it pleased Yahweh to bless Israel, he didn’t go, as at the other times, to use divination, but he set his face toward the wilderness.
2Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel dwelling according to their tribes; and the Spirit of God came on him.
3He took up his parable, and said, “Balaam the son of Beor says, the man whose eyes are open says;
4he says, who hears the words of God, who sees the vision of the Almighty, falling down, and having his eyes open:
5How goodly are your tents, Jacob, and your dwellings, Israel!
6As valleys they are spread out, as gardens by the riverside, as aloes which Yahweh has planted, as cedar trees beside the waters.
7Water shall flow from his buckets. His seed shall be in many waters. His king shall be higher than Agag. His kingdom shall be exalted.
8God brings him out of Egypt. He has as it were the strength of the wild ox. He shall consume the nations his adversaries, shall break their bones in pieces, and pierce them with his arrows.
9He couched, he lay down as a lion, as a lioness; who shall rouse him up? Everyone who blesses you is blessed. Everyone who curses you is cursed.”
10Balak’s anger burned against Balaam, and he struck his hands together. Balak said to Balaam, “I called you to curse my enemies, and, behold, you have altogether blessed them these three times.
11Therefore, flee to your place, now! I thought to promote you to great honor; but, behold, Yahweh has kept you back from honor.”
12Balaam said to Balak, “Didn’t I also tell your messengers whom you sent to me, saying,
13‘If Balak would give me his house full of silver and gold, I can’t go beyond Yahweh’s word, to do either good or bad from my own mind. I will say what Yahweh says’?
14Now, behold, I go to my people. Come, I will inform you what this people shall do to your people in the latter days.”
15He took up his parable, and said, “Balaam the son of Beor says, the man whose eyes are open says;
16he says, who hears the words of God, knows the knowledge of the Most High, and who sees the vision of the Almighty, falling down, and having his eyes open:
17I see him, but not now. I see him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob. A scepter will rise out of Israel, and shall strike through the corners of Moab, and crush all the sons of Sheth.
18Edom shall be a possession. Seir, his enemy, also shall be a possession, while Israel does valiantly.
19Out of Jacob shall one have dominion, and shall destroy the remnant from the city.”
20He looked at Amalek, and took up his parable, and said, “Amalek was the first of the nations, but his latter end shall come to destruction.”
21He looked at the Kenite, and took up his parable, and said, “Your dwelling place is strong. Your nest is set in the rock.
22Nevertheless Kain shall be wasted, until Asshur carries you away captive.”
23He took up his parable, and said, “Alas, who shall live when God does this?
24But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. He also shall come to destruction.”
25Balaam rose up, and went and returned to his place; and Balak also went his way.



