Single lesson
Jesus' Trials and Peter's Denial
Matthew 26:57–68; Mark 14:53–65; Luke 22:63–71; John 18:19–24; Matthew 26:69–75; Mark 14:66–72; Luke 22:54–62; John 18:15–18; John 18:25–27; Matthew 27:1–2; Matthew 27:11–31; Mark 15:1–20; Luke 23:1–16; Luke 23:18–25; John 18:28–19:15
This lesson helps children follow the order of Jesus before the council, Peter’s three denials, and Jesus before Pilate and Herod. Students will notice what Jesus said, what others chose, and the outcomes named in the passage.
Before you teach
Jesus is led to the high priest and questioned by religious leaders. Peter follows into the courtyard and denies Jesus three times. In the morning Jesus is taken to Pilate. Luke records that Pilate sends Jesus to Herod and that Herod sends him back. The crowd asks for Barabbas, and Pilate hands Jesus over to be crucified.
Students will be able to put the main scenes in order and name at least two choices and outcomes from the passage.
Welcome: listen for the order
4 minTell students that this reading has several connected scenes. Ask them to listen for where Jesus is taken, who speaks to him, what Peter says, and what happens before the governor. Write these headings where everyone can see them: council, Peter, Pilate and Herod, crowd, soldiers.
Matthew 26:57, Matthew 26:69, Matthew 27:2, Luke 23:7, Luke 23:18, Matthew 27:27
Read and explain: from the council to Pilate
8 minRead selected verses in order. Show that Jesus was brought to the high priest, that leaders sought testimony, and that Jesus answered about being the Christ and Son of God. Then read Peter’s denials and the rooster. Finish with Pilate, Herod, Barabbas, and Jesus being handed over and mocked by soldiers.
Matthew 26:57, Matthew 26:59, Mark 14:56, Matthew 26:63, Matthew 26:64, Luke 22:70, Luke 22:71, Luke 22:60, Luke 22:61, Luke 23:3, Luke 23:7, Luke 23:11, Luke 23:18, Luke 23:24, Matthew 27:27, Matthew 27:31
Discuss: choices and outcomes in the passage
6 minAsk children to name clear choices from the reading and the result that followed. Examples from the text include seeking testimony against Jesus, Peter denying Jesus, the crowd asking for Barabbas, and Pilate delivering Jesus to their will. Also notice what Jesus does, including silence at times and truthful answers when questioned.
Matthew 26:59, Matthew 26:63, Matthew 26:64, John 18:23, Matthew 26:70, Matthew 26:74, Luke 23:18, Luke 23:21, Luke 23:25
Make and respond: build the story sequence
7 minGive children six scene cards to place in order: council, Peter by the fire, rooster and remembrance, Pilate, Herod then back to Pilate, Barabbas and soldiers. On each card, write one choice and one outcome from the verses. Retell the sequence together using the finished cards as prompts.
Matthew 26:57, John 18:18, Luke 22:61, Luke 23:7, Luke 23:11, John 18:40, Luke 23:24, Matthew 27:31
Closing: recap the sequence and the lesson aim
5 minReview the six scenes aloud and ask the group to say them back in order. Then ask for two choices and outcomes they can name from the passage. End by restating that this reading shows Jesus questioned and mocked, Peter denying Jesus, and rulers and crowds making serious decisions about him.
Matthew 26:57, Luke 22:54, Luke 22:60, Luke 23:7, Luke 23:18, Matthew 27:26
Questions to explore
What happened straight after Peter’s third denial, and what did Peter do?
Look for the rooster crowing, Peter remembering Jesus’ word, and Peter going out to weep.
Luke 22:60, Luke 22:61, Luke 22:62
What did Pilate say about Jesus, and how did the crowd answer him?
Find Pilate’s words that he found no basis for a charge, then compare them with the crowd’s cries for Barabbas and crucifixion.
Luke 23:4, John 18:38, Luke 23:18, Luke 23:21, John 19:6
What happened when Pilate heard that Jesus was connected with Galilee?
Trace the order in Luke from Pilate’s question, to Jesus being sent to Herod, and then sent back again.
Luke 23:6, Luke 23:7, Luke 23:11
Make, think or respond
Trials and Denials Sequence Cards
What you’ll need
- plain paper or card
- pencils or textas
- Bible
- scissors
- tape or blu-tack
Try it together
- Make six simple cards labelled: council, Peter by the fire, third denial and rooster, Pilate, Herod and back to Pilate, Barabbas and soldiers.
- Read the matching verses aloud and let children draw a small symbol on each card, such as a council seat, fire, rooster, judgement seat, robe, or crowd.
- Work together to place the cards in order from first to last.
- On each card, add one choice and one outcome named in the text.
- Use the finished cards to retell the passage as a class.
This activity helps children follow the order of the account and identify choices and outcomes that the passage states.
Adapt for your group
- For younger children, reduce the set to four cards and guide them by asking, “What came next?” after each reading.
- For older or more confident children, ask them to match each card with a short quotation from the passage, such as “I find no basis for a charge against this man” or “I am not.”
An optional closing prayer
You may pray: “Lord Jesus, thank you for your truthful words in this passage. Help us listen carefully, speak truthfully, and understand what happened here. Amen.”
Read the Bible passage World English Bible Classic
Matthew 26
57 Those who had taken Jesus led him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were gathered together.
58 But Peter followed him from a distance to the court of the high priest, and entered in and sat with the officers, to see the end.
59 Now the chief priests, the elders, and the whole council sought false testimony against Jesus, that they might put him to death,
60 and they found none. Even though many false witnesses came forward, they found none. But at last two false witnesses came forward
61 and said, “This man said, ‘I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days.’ ”
62 The high priest stood up and said to him, “Have you no answer? What is this that these testify against you?”
63 But Jesus stayed silent. The high priest answered him, “I adjure you by the living God that you tell us whether you are the Christ, the Son of God.”
64 Jesus said to him, “You have said so. Nevertheless, I tell you, after this you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power, and coming on the clouds of the sky.”
65 Then the high priest tore his clothing, saying, “He has spoken blasphemy! Why do we need any more witnesses? Behold, now you have heard his blasphemy.
66 What do you think?” They answered, “He is worthy of death!”
67 Then they spat in his face and beat him with their fists, and some slapped him,
68 saying, “Prophesy to us, you Christ! Who hit you?”
Mark 14
53 They led Jesus away to the high priest. All the chief priests, the elders, and the scribes came together with him.
54 Peter had followed him from a distance, until he came into the court of the high priest. He was sitting with the officers, and warming himself in the light of the fire.
55 Now the chief priests and the whole council sought witnesses against Jesus to put him to death, and found none.
56 For many gave false testimony against him, and their testimony didn’t agree with each other.
57 Some stood up and gave false testimony against him, saying,
58 “We heard him say, ‘I will destroy this temple that is made with hands, and in three days I will build another made without hands.’ ”
59 Even so, their testimony didn’t agree.
60 The high priest stood up in the middle, and asked Jesus, “Have you no answer? What is it which these testify against you?”
61 But he stayed quiet, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, “Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?”
62 Jesus said, “I am. You will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of the sky.”
63 The high priest tore his clothes and said, “What further need have we of witnesses?
64 You have heard the blasphemy! What do you think?” They all condemned him to be worthy of death.
65 Some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to beat him with fists, and to tell him, “Prophesy!” The officers struck him with the palms of their hands.
Luke 22
63 The men who held Jesus mocked him and beat him.
64 Having blindfolded him, they struck him on the face and asked him, “Prophesy! Who is the one who struck you?”
65 They spoke many other things against him, insulting him.
66 As soon as it was day, the assembly of the elders of the people were gathered together, both chief priests and scribes, and they led him away into their council, saying,
67 “If you are the Christ, tell us.” But he said to them, “If I tell you, you won’t believe,
68 and if I ask, you will in no way answer me or let me go.
69 From now on, the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God.”
70 They all said, “Are you then the Son of God?” He said to them, “You say it, because I am.”
71 They said, “Why do we need any more witness? For we ourselves have heard from his own mouth!”
John 18
19 The high priest therefore asked Jesus about his disciples and about his teaching.
20 Jesus answered him, “I spoke openly to the world. I always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where the Jews always meet. I said nothing in secret.
21 Why do you ask me? Ask those who have heard me what I said to them. Behold, they know the things which I said.”
22 When he had said this, one of the officers standing by slapped Jesus with his hand, saying, “Do you answer the high priest like that?”
23 Jesus answered him, “If I have spoken evil, testify of the evil; but if well, why do you beat me?”
24 Annas sent him bound to Caiaphas, the high priest.
Matthew 26
69 Now Peter was sitting outside in the court, and a maid came to him, saying, “You were also with Jesus, the Galilean!”
70 But he denied it before them all, saying, “I don’t know what you are talking about.”
71 When he had gone out onto the porch, someone else saw him and said to those who were there, “This man also was with Jesus of Nazareth.”
72 Again he denied it with an oath, “I don’t know the man.”
73 After a little while those who stood by came and said to Peter, “Surely you are also one of them, for your speech makes you known.”
74 Then he began to curse and to swear, “I don’t know the man!” Immediately the rooster crowed.
75 Peter remembered the word which Jesus had said to him, “Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.” Then he went out and wept bitterly.
Mark 14
66 As Peter was in the courtyard below, one of the maids of the high priest came,
67 and seeing Peter warming himself, she looked at him and said, “You were also with the Nazarene, Jesus!”
68 But he denied it, saying, “I neither know nor understand what you are saying.” He went out on the porch, and the rooster crowed.
69 The maid saw him and began again to tell those who stood by, “This is one of them.”
70 But he again denied it. After a little while again those who stood by said to Peter, “You truly are one of them, for you are a Galilean, and your speech shows it.”
71 But he began to curse and to swear, “I don’t know this man of whom you speak!”
72 The rooster crowed the second time. Peter remembered the words that Jesus said to him, “Before the rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.” When he thought about that, he wept.
Luke 22
54 They seized him and led him away, and brought him into the high priest’s house. But Peter followed from a distance.
55 When they had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and had sat down together, Peter sat among them.
56 A certain servant girl saw him as he sat in the light, and looking intently at him, said, “This man also was with him.”
57 He denied Jesus, saying, “Woman, I don’t know him.”
58 After a little while someone else saw him and said, “You also are one of them!” But Peter answered, “Man, I am not!”
59 After about one hour passed, another confidently affirmed, saying, “Truly this man also was with him, for he is a Galilean!”
60 But Peter said, “Man, I don’t know what you are talking about!” Immediately, while he was still speaking, a rooster crowed.
61 The Lord turned and looked at Peter. Then Peter remembered the Lord’s word, how he said to him, “Before the rooster crows you will deny me three times.”
62 He went out, and wept bitterly.
John 18
15 Simon Peter followed Jesus, as did another disciple. Now that disciple was known to the high priest, and entered in with Jesus into the court of the high priest;
16 but Peter was standing at the door outside. So the other disciple, who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to her who kept the door, and brought in Peter.
17 Then the maid who kept the door said to Peter, “Are you also one of this man’s disciples?” He said, “I am not.”
18 Now the servants and the officers were standing there, having made a fire of coals, for it was cold. They were warming themselves. Peter was with them, standing and warming himself.
25 Now Simon Peter was standing and warming himself. They said therefore to him, “You aren’t also one of his disciples, are you?” He denied it and said, “I am not.”
26 One of the servants of the high priest, being a relative of him whose ear Peter had cut off, said, “Didn’t I see you in the garden with him?”
27 Peter therefore denied it again, and immediately the rooster crowed.
Matthew 27
1 Now when morning had come, all the chief priests and the elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death.
2 They bound him, led him away, and delivered him up to Pontius Pilate, the governor.
11 Now Jesus stood before the governor; and the governor asked him, saying, “Are you the King of the Jews?” Jesus said to him, “So you say.”
12 When he was accused by the chief priests and elders, he answered nothing.
13 Then Pilate said to him, “Don’t you hear how many things they testify against you?”
14 He gave him no answer, not even one word, so that the governor marveled greatly.
15 Now at the feast the governor was accustomed to release to the multitude one prisoner whom they desired.
16 They had then a notable prisoner called Barabbas.
17 When therefore they were gathered together, Pilate said to them, “Whom do you want me to release to you? Barabbas, or Jesus who is called Christ?”
18 For he knew that because of envy they had delivered him up.
19 While he was sitting on the judgment seat, his wife sent to him, saying, “Have nothing to do with that righteous man, for I have suffered many things today in a dream because of him.”
20 Now the chief priests and the elders persuaded the multitudes to ask for Barabbas and destroy Jesus.
21 But the governor answered them, “Which of the two do you want me to release to you?” They said, “Barabbas!”
22 Pilate said to them, “What then shall I do to Jesus who is called Christ?” They all said to him, “Let him be crucified!”
23 But the governor said, “Why? What evil has he done?” But they cried out exceedingly, saying, “Let him be crucified!”
24 So when Pilate saw that nothing was being gained, but rather that a disturbance was starting, he took water and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, “I am innocent of the blood of this righteous person. You see to it.”
25 All the people answered, “May his blood be on us and on our children!”
26 Then he released Barabbas to them, but Jesus he flogged and delivered to be crucified.
27 Then the governor’s soldiers took Jesus into the Praetorium, and gathered the whole garrison together against him.
28 They stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him.
29 They braided a crown of thorns and put it on his head, and a reed in his right hand; and they kneeled down before him and mocked him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!”
30 They spat on him, and took the reed and struck him on the head.
31 When they had mocked him, they took the robe off him, and put his clothes on him, and led him away to crucify him.
Mark 15
1 Immediately in the morning the chief priests, with the elders, scribes, and the whole council, held a consultation, bound Jesus, carried him away, and delivered him up to Pilate.
2 Pilate asked him, “Are you the King of the Jews?” He answered, “So you say.”
3 The chief priests accused him of many things.
4 Pilate again asked him, “Have you no answer? See how many things they testify against you!”
5 But Jesus made no further answer, so that Pilate marveled.
6 Now at the feast he used to release to them one prisoner, whomever they asked of him.
7 There was one called Barabbas, bound with his fellow insurgents, men who in the insurrection had committed murder.
8 The multitude, crying aloud, began to ask him to do as he always did for them.
9 Pilate answered them, saying, “Do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”
10 For he perceived that for envy the chief priests had delivered him up.
11 But the chief priests stirred up the multitude, that he should release Barabbas to them instead.
12 Pilate again asked them, “What then should I do to him whom you call the King of the Jews?”
13 They cried out again, “Crucify him!”
14 Pilate said to them, “Why, what evil has he done?” But they cried out exceedingly, “Crucify him!”
15 Pilate, wishing to please the multitude, released Barabbas to them, and handed over Jesus, when he had flogged him, to be crucified.
16 The soldiers led him away within the court, which is the Praetorium; and they called together the whole cohort.
17 They clothed him with purple; and weaving a crown of thorns, they put it on him.
18 They began to salute him, “Hail, King of the Jews!”
19 They struck his head with a reed and spat on him, and bowing their knees, did homage to him.
20 When they had mocked him, they took the purple cloak off him, and put his own garments on him. They led him out to crucify him.
Luke 23
1 The whole company of them rose up and brought him before Pilate.
2 They began to accuse him, saying, “We found this man perverting the nation, forbidding paying taxes to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ, a king.”
3 Pilate asked him, “Are you the King of the Jews?” He answered him, “So you say.”
4 Pilate said to the chief priests and the multitudes, “I find no basis for a charge against this man.”
5 But they insisted, saying, “He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee even to this place.”
6 But when Pilate heard Galilee mentioned, he asked if the man was a Galilean.
7 When he found out that he was in Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem during those days.
8 Now when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceedingly glad, for he had wanted to see him for a long time, because he had heard many things about him. He hoped to see some miracle done by him.
9 He questioned him with many words, but he gave no answers.
10 The chief priests and the scribes stood, vehemently accusing him.
11 Herod with his soldiers humiliated him and mocked him. Dressing him in luxurious clothing, they sent him back to Pilate.
12 Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day, for before that they were enemies with each other.
13 Pilate called together the chief priests, the rulers, and the people,
14 and said to them, “You brought this man to me as one that perverts the people, and behold, having examined him before you, I found no basis for a charge against this man concerning those things of which you accuse him.
15 Neither has Herod, for I sent you to him, and see, nothing worthy of death has been done by him.
16 I will therefore chastise him and release him.”
18 But they all cried out together, saying, “Away with this man! Release to us Barabbas!”—
19 one who was thrown into prison for a certain revolt in the city, and for murder.
20 Then Pilate spoke to them again, wanting to release Jesus,
21 but they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify him!”
22 He said to them the third time, “Why? What evil has this man done? I have found no capital crime in him. I will therefore chastise him and release him.”
23 But they were urgent with loud voices, asking that he might be crucified. Their voices and the voices of the chief priests prevailed.
24 Pilate decreed that what they asked for should be done.
25 He released him who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder, for whom they asked, but he delivered Jesus up to their will.
John 18
28 They led Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn’t enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.
29 Pilate therefore went out to them and said, “What accusation do you bring against this man?”
30 They answered him, “If this man weren’t an evildoer, we wouldn’t have delivered him up to you.”
31 Pilate therefore said to them, “Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law.” Therefore the Jews said to him, “It is illegal for us to put anyone to death,”
32 that the word of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spoke, signifying by what kind of death he should die.
33 Pilate therefore entered again into the Praetorium, called Jesus, and said to him, “Are you the King of the Jews?”
34 Jesus answered him, “Do you say this by yourself, or did others tell you about me?”
35 Pilate answered, “I’m not a Jew, am I? Your own nation and the chief priests delivered you to me. What have you done?”
36 Jesus answered, “My Kingdom is not of this world. If my Kingdom were of this world, then my servants would fight, that I wouldn’t be delivered to the Jews. But now my Kingdom is not from here.”
37 Pilate therefore said to him, “Are you a king then?” Jesus answered, “You say that I am a king. For this reason I have been born, and for this reason I have come into the world, that I should testify to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth listens to my voice.”
38 Pilate said to him, “What is truth?” When he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no basis for a charge against him.
39 But you have a custom that I should release someone to you at the Passover. Therefore, do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”
40 Then they all shouted again, saying, “Not this man, but Barabbas!” Now Barabbas was a robber.
John 19
1 So Pilate then took Jesus and flogged him.
2 The soldiers twisted thorns into a crown and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment.
3 They kept saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and they kept slapping him.
4 Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”
5 Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, “Behold, the man!”
6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him.”
7 The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.”
8 When therefore Pilate heard this saying, he was more afraid.
9 He entered into the Praetorium again, and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no answer.
10 Pilate therefore said to him, “Aren’t you speaking to me? Don’t you know that I have power to release you and have power to crucify you?”
11 Jesus answered, “You would have no power at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who delivered me to you has greater sin.”
12 At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you release this man, you aren’t Caesar’s friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!”
13 When Pilate therefore heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called “The Pavement”, but in Hebrew, “Gabbatha.”
14 Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Behold, your King!”
15 They cried out, “Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar!”
World English Bible Classic. Public domain.
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